VILLA MALAPARTE_CASE ANALYSIS
In 1980, the American architect John Haduk described Villa Malapat on Domus 605 as follows: A house full of religious sense, ritual sense and mystery, an ancient drama slowly unfolding under the Italian sun.
· 基本信息
建成时间：1938 年。
项目地点：意大利卡普里岛东部的 Punta Massullo，俯瞰萨勒诺湾。
委托人及设计者：别墅的委托人为意大利作家、诗人、记者库尔齐奥・马拉帕特。起初由理性主义建筑师阿达尔贝托・里贝拉设计，但马拉帕特对设计不满意，最终几乎由他自己主导了设计。
• Basic Information
Completion time: 1938.
Project Location: Punta Massullo in the east of Capri Island, Italy, overlooking Salerno Bay.
The client and designer: The client of the villa is Kurzio Malapate, an Italian writer, poet and journalist. It was initially designed by the rationalist architect Adalbeto Ribera, but Malapat was dissatisfied with the design and eventually almost took the lead in it himself.
· 建筑特色
外观设计：别墅外观呈红色，坐落在萨勒诺海湾上方 32 米的高崖上，占据了 “完全不能建设任何建筑物” 的整个山头，完全与世隔绝，只能通过步行或乘船抵达。最引人注目的是那段通往屋顶金字塔般的阶梯，屋顶上还有一段自由的白色弧形墙体，具有强烈的纪念性，带着一种古典建筑的神韵。
• Architectural Features
Exterior Design: The villa has a red exterior and is located on a 32-meter-high cliff above Salerno Bay, occupying an entire hilltop where "no buildings can be constructed at all". It is completely isolated from the outside world and can only be reached on foot or by boat. The most eye-catching feature is the pyramid-like staircase leading to the roof, with a free white arc-shaped wall on top, which has a strong commemorative quality and carries the charm of classical architecture.f.
剖面图Sectional view
二层平面图second floor plan
Material application: Instead of using concrete, a common material in modernist architecture, local bricks and stones were adopted, allowing the building to blend well into the surrounding site. The steps seem to be an extension of the cliff and form a new vantage point.
Interior layout: The villa is mainly divided into three different floors. The ground floor is the service area, including storage rooms and laundry rooms. The second floor features an entrance from the southwest facade of the residence, as well as a kitchen and guest bedrooms. The Pompeian-style guest rooms and marble bathrooms are combined with a large atrium and foyer, and there is also a library. The top floor is half a living room surrounded by four Windows, framing the outdoor view, and the other half consists of two main bedrooms. The interior as a whole follows a rectangular layout, creating a horizontal sequence of rooms. The Spaces can be visually connected, and the space partitions on the top floor have been removed.
Detail highlight: Malapat persuaded his friend to frame the long window with a wooden frame used for framing paintings, presenting the vivid colors outside the window in the form of a painting. In addition, the rear wall of the chimney made of glass allows people to enjoy the scenery outside through the flames.
顶层平面图Top floor plan
材料运用：没有使用现代主义建筑常见的混凝土作为材料，而是采用了当地的砖石，使建筑很好地融入了所在的场地，台阶仿佛成为了悬崖的延续，又形成了新的制高点。
室内布局：别墅主要分成三个不同的楼层。地面层是服务区域，包括储藏室和洗衣房；二层有住宅从西南立面进入的入口，以及厨房和客卧，庞贝风格的客房和大理石浴室与巨大的中庭和门厅相结合，还设有一个图书室；顶层一半是起居室，由四面窗户环绕，框出室外的景观，另外一半是两间主要的卧室。室内整体遵循长方形的布局，创造了水平向的房间序列，空间在视线上可以相互贯通，顶层取消了空间隔断。
细节亮点：马拉帕特说服朋友用装裱画作的木制框架将长窗框起来，以绘画的方式呈现窗外生动的色彩。此外，玻璃制成的烟囱后壁让人可以透过火焰欣赏外面的风景。
剖面图Sectional view
首层平面图first floor plan
Surrounding scenery
分层与空间序列地面层：作为服务区，包含储藏室、洗衣房等功能，空间紧凑且隐蔽，避免干扰上层的居住空间。
二层：西南立面设主入口，连接厨房和客卧。庞贝风格的客房与大理石浴室通过中庭串联，古典元素与现代空间形成对话。
顶层：占据核心位置，一半为四面环窗的起居室，另一半为两间主卧。空间取消隔断，形成水平向的连续序列，视线可贯通至屋顶露台16。这种开放式布局既强化了与自然的联系，又呼应了现代主义对空间流动性的追求。
屋顶与仪式性阶梯
屋顶露台通过一段梯形楼梯（底部宽 4.5 米，顶部宽 12 米）连接，楼梯无扶手，强化几何纯粹性和眩晕感1。露台边缘的白色弧形墙体（石膏抹灰）作为屏风，既遮挡视线又塑造出「帆」的形态，与红色砖石主体形成强烈视觉对比，同时将地中海的浩瀚海景框入建筑。这段楼梯不仅是物理通道，更成为象征性的「精神阶梯」，隐喻从现实到理想的升华。Stratification and spatial sequence
建筑外观Architectural appearance
Ground floor: As a service area, it includes storage rooms, laundry rooms and other functions. The space is compact and concealed, avoiding interference with the living space on the upper floor.
Second floor: The main entrance is located on the southwest facade, connecting the kitchen and the guest bedroom. The Pompeian-style guest rooms and marble bathrooms are connected by a atrium, creating a dialogue between classical elements and modern Spaces.
Top floor: Occupying a central position, half of it is a living room with Windows on all four sides, and the other half consists of two master bedrooms. The partitions in the space are removed to form a continuous horizontal sequence, allowing the line of sight to reach the roof terrace 16. This open layout not only strengthens the connection with nature but also echoes modernism's pursuit of spatial fluidity.
Roof and ritual steps
The rooftop terrace is connected by a trapezoidal staircase (4.5 meters wide at the bottom and 12 meters wide at the top), which has no handrails, enhancing the geometric purity and dizziness. The white arc-shaped wall (plastered with gypsum) along the edge of the terrace serves as a screen, not only blocking the view but also shaping the form of a "sail", creating a strong visual contrast with the red brick and stone main body, while framing the vast Mediterranean Sea view into the building. This staircase is not only a physical passage but also a symbolic "spiritual ladder", symbolizing the elevation from reality to ideals.
